Observational BMC microbiology · 2026 Molecular and phenotypic profiles of carbapenem- and third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from the fecal microbiota of pediatric patients with COVID-19. Khalil MAF, El-Ansary MRM, AboElnour SI, et al. Klebsiella pneumoniae PubMed ↗
Review World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2025 The psychobiotic revolution: comprehending the optimistic role of gut microbiota on gut-brain axis during neurological and Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. Mohiuddin M, Asghar T, Hameed H, et al. Bifidobacterium longum PubMed ↗
Review International journal of molecular sciences · 2025 Microbiome and Long COVID-19: Current Evidence and Insights. Caliman-Sturdza OA, Hamamah S, Iatcu OC, et al. Faecalibacterium prausnitziiMediterraneibacter gnavusPhocaeicola vulgatus PubMed ↗
Randomized trial The journal of contemporary dental practice · 2025 Oral Probiotic Containing Streptococcus salivarius K12 and Lactobacillus brevis CD2 for Preventing Bacterial Pneumonia in Severe COVID-19: Randomized Clinical Trial. Lauxen JR, Callegari-Jacques SM, Mombelli AS, et al. Streptococcus salivarius PubMed ↗
Observational MicrobiologyOpen · 2025 Examine the Impact of Self-Medicated Antibiotics on Gut Bacterial Diversity From COVID-19 Patients in Gopalganj, Bangladesh. Khanam R, Hasan MY, Malek A, et al. Klebsiella pneumoniae PubMed ↗
Review Gut microbes · 2025 The emerging role of the gut microbiota in vaccination responses. Decker V, Qureshi K, Roberts L, et al. Bifidobacterium adolescentis PubMed ↗
Meta-analysis International journal of medical sciences · 2025 Association Between Gut Microbiota and Pneumonia Risk: A Systematic Review and Mendelian Randomization. Deng Q, Liu Y, Rong H, et al. [Ruminococcus] torques PubMed ↗
Review ACS infectious diseases · 2025 Gut Microbiota and COVID-19: Unraveling the Gut-Lung Axis and Immunomodulatory Therapies. Alves MCS, Rego MS, Silva RCCD, et al. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii PubMed ↗
Review Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025 Gut Microbiome Interventions: From Dysbiosis to Next-Generation Probiotics (NGPs) for Disease Management. Gupta MK, Srivastava R Akkermansia muciniphilaAnaerobutyricum halliiBacteroides fragilisBacteroides thetaiotaomicron +3 more PubMed ↗
Observational eLife · 2025 The relationship between gut and nasopharyngeal microbiome composition can predict the severity of COVID-19. Martin-Castaño B, Diez-Echave P, García-García J, et al. Haemophilus parainfluenzae PubMed ↗
Observational Gut microbes · 2024 Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on early life gut microbiome. Zhang L, Xu W, Meng HYH, et al. Klebsiella pneumoniae PubMed ↗
Randomized trial Nutrients · 2024 Probiotic Therapy of Gastrointestinal Symptoms During COVID-19 Infection: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Remote Study. Horvath A, Haller R, Feldbacher N, et al. Enterococcus faecium PubMed ↗
Observational Pathogens · 2024 Longitudinal Fecal Microbiota Profiles in A Cohort of Non-Hospitalized Adolescents and Young Adults with COVID-19: Associations with SARS-CoV-2 Status and Long-Term Fatigue. Olbjørn C, Hagen M, Moen AEF, et al. Faecalibacterium prausnitziiGemmiger formicilisStreptococcus thermophilusSutterella wadsworthensis PubMed ↗
Clinical trial Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology · 2024 Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Sleep Disturbance in Post-acute COVID-19 Syndrome. Lau RI, Su Q, Ching JYL, et al. Gemmiger formicilis PubMed ↗
Review Life sciences · 2024 Probiotics and the reduction of SARS-CoV-2 infection through regulation of host cell calcium dynamics. Endo HM, Bandeca SCS, Olchanheski LR, et al. Akkermansia muciniphila PubMed ↗
Observational International journal of molecular sciences · 2024 Gut Microbiome Composition and Dynamics in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients and Patients with Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome. Brīvība M, Silamiķele L, Birzniece L, et al. Enterococcus faecium PubMed ↗
Review Frontiers in immunology · 2023 Overview of anti-viral effects of probiotics via immune cells in pre-, mid- and post-SARS-CoV2 era. Kanauchi O, Low ZX, Jounai K, et al. Lactococcus lactis PubMed ↗
Observational Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023 Baseline gut microbiota and metabolome predict durable immunogenicity to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Peng Y, Zhang L, Mok CKP, et al. Bifidobacterium adolescentisBifidobacterium bifidumDorea formicigeneransFaecalibacterium prausnitzii +2 more PubMed ↗
Observational Annals of hematology · 2023 Gut microbiome alterations in patients with COVID-19-related coagulopathy. Chen Y, Li X, Yu C, et al. Enterococcus faeciumStreptococcus thermophilus PubMed ↗
Randomized trial Neuropsychobiology · 2023 Effect of a Multi-Strain Probiotic Supplementation to Manage Stress during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Cross-Over Clinical Trial. Nobile V, Puoci F Bifidobacterium breve PubMed ↗
Randomized trial The Journal of nutrition · 2022 Associations of Dietary Intake with the Intestinal Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids Among Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity. Igudesman D, Crandell JL, Corbin KD, et al. Mediterraneibacter gnavus PubMed ↗
Observational Experimental biology and medicine · 2022 Classification of salivary bacteriome in asymptomatic COVID-19 cases based on long-read nanopore sequencing. Jitvaropas R, Mayuramart O, Sawaswong V, et al. Veillonella parvula PubMed ↗
Observational F1000Research · 2022 ACE2 expression in saliva of patients with COVID-19 and its association with Candida albicans and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Bachtiar EW, Bachtiar BM, Kusumaningrum A, et al. Veillonella parvula PubMed ↗
Review Folia microbiologica · 2022 Disease-associated dysbiosis and potential therapeutic role of Akkermansia muciniphila, a mucus degrading bacteria of gut microbiome. Aggarwal V, Sunder S, Verma SR Akkermansia muciniphila PubMed ↗
Observational Gut · 2022 Gut microbiota composition is associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine immunogenicity and adverse events. Ng SC, Peng Y, Zhang L, et al. Bifidobacterium adolescentisRoseburia faecisSegatella copri PubMed ↗
Randomized trial Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2021 Efficacy of a Probiotic Consisting of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus PDV 1705, Bifidobacterium bifidum PDV 0903, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis PDV 1911, and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum PDV 2301 in the Treatment of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Ivashkin V, Fomin V, Moiseev S, et al. Bifidobacterium bifidumBifidobacterium longum PubMed ↗
Review Microbial pathogenesis · 2021 Microbial co-infections in COVID-19: Associated microbiota and underlying mechanisms of pathogenesis. Hoque MN, Akter S, Mishu ID, et al. Klebsiella pneumoniae PubMed ↗
MicrobiologyOpen · 2026 Oral Microbiome Resilience During SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Diversity Shifts After COVID-19 Vaccination in a Hispanic Population. Vargas-Robles D, Santos Agrait JL, Suárez-Pérez J, et al. Veillonella parvula PubMed ↗
mSphere · 2026 Gut Hi-C metagenomes of severe COVID-19 patients: bacteria and yeast involved in gut-lung axis. Revel-Muroz AZ, Sonets IV, Chistyakov AS, et al. Klebsiella pneumoniae PubMed ↗
Enzyme and microbial technology · 2026 Antiviral activity of postbiotics from Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG against SARS-CoV-2: In-vitro and food model evaluation. Soleimani RA, Abdoli A, Milani PG, et al. Bifidobacterium animalis PubMed ↗
Nature microbiology · 2026 Strain-level transmission inference across multi-kingdom metagenomic data using TRACS. Tonkin-Hill G, Shao Y, Zarebski AE, et al. Bifidobacterium breve PubMed ↗
African health sciences · 2026 Gut microbial profiles of COVID-19 patients in Uganda. Kateete DP, Lubega C, Nasinghe E, et al. Segatella copri PubMed ↗
International journal of molecular sciences · 2025 Stimulation of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells with Lactococcus lactis Strain Plasma Elicits Antiviral Effects Against H1N1 and SARS-CoV-2. Low ZX, Woo O, Kanauchi O, et al. Lactococcus lactis PubMed ↗
PLoS pathogens · 2025 Non-canonical Metatranscriptomic analysis of COVID-19 and Dengue reveals an expanded microbial and AMR landscape in COVID-19 mortality patients. Yadav A, Ali R, Devi P, et al. Klebsiella pneumoniae PubMed ↗
JMIR research protocols · 2025 Feasibility, Safety, and Impact of the Probiotics Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis in Papua New Guinean Infants: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. Ford RL, Greenhill AR, Sapura J, et al. Bifidobacterium longum PubMed ↗
Microbiology spectrum · 2025 Lower airway microbiota compositions and diversity among ventilator-associated pneumonia patients across COVID-19 epidemic phases: a retrospective study. Hao S, Zhou C, Wei Y, et al. Enterococcus faeciumKlebsiella pneumoniae PubMed ↗
Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025 Construction of Synthetic Probiotic Bacteria for In Situ Delivery of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Nanobodies. Portero CE, Smith C, Zhou Y, et al. Lactococcus lactis PubMed ↗
Scientific reports · 2025 The role of intestinal microbiota in the humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 after mRNA-1273 vaccination. Tarriño M, Gutiérrez-Bautista JF, Durán MJO, et al. Odoribacter splanchnicusSutterella wadsworthensis PubMed ↗
Journal of innate immunity · 2025 Interactions of Probiotics with the Immune Cells of Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia. Mitrou I, Dimopoulos G, Dakou K, et al. Bifidobacterium animalis PubMed ↗
Virulence · 2025 Alterations of the gut commensal Akkermansia muciniphila in patients with COVID-19. Dai ZM, Xu ML, Zhang QQ, et al. Akkermansia muciniphila PubMed ↗