Clinical trial Chinese medical journal · 2026 Akkermansia muciniphila enhances washed microbiota transplantation in the treatment of epilepsy. Li Q, He R, Wang X, et al. Akkermansia muciniphila PubMed ↗
Observational EBioMedicine · 2024 Association between seizure reduction during ketogenic diet treatment of epilepsy and changes in circulatory metabolites and gut microbiota composition. Dahlin M, Wheelock CE, Prast-Nielsen S Alistipes communisAlistipes shahiiEscherichia coliFaecalibacterium prausnitzii PubMed ↗
Neuron · 2026 Gut-brain cholinergic signaling mediates the antiseizure effects of Bacteroides fragilis. Jia Y, Chen H, Zou Q, et al. Bacteroides fragilis PubMed ↗
Epilepsia open · 2025 Associations between the gut microbiota, immune cells, and different subtypes of epilepsy: A Mendelian randomization study. Zhang X, Yang Z, Guo J, et al. Bacteroides caccae PubMed ↗
Brain and behavior · 2023 Identification of disordered profiles of gut microbiota and functional component in stroke and poststroke epilepsy. Wei D, Chen X, Xu J, et al. [Clostridium] innocuum PubMed ↗
Neurobiology of disease · 2022 Exposure to anti-seizure medications impact growth of gut bacterial species and subsequent host response. Ilhan ZE, Brochard V, Lapaque N, et al. Akkermansia muciniphilaBifidobacterium longum PubMed ↗
EBioMedicine · 2022 Probiotics counteract hepatic steatosis caused by ketogenic diet and upregulate AMPK signaling in a model of infantile epilepsy. Mu C, Nikpoor N, Tompkins TA, et al. Lactococcus lactisStreptococcus thermophilus PubMed ↗
Animal study Brain research bulletin · 2026 Circadian disruption promotes epileptic seizures via the Ruminococcus gnavus-arginine-NOX4-ferroptosis axis. Yu F, He J, Chen Y, et al. Mediterraneibacter gnavus PubMed ↗
Animal study Theranostics · 2026 Lachnospira eligens attenuates epileptogenesis via gut-brain axis regulation of blood-brain barrier integrity and neuroinflammation. Li H, Niu R, He W, et al. Lachnospira eligens PubMed ↗
Animal study Psychopharmacology · 2025 Preventive and therapeutic impact of probiotic supplementation on behavior and inflammatory responses in the PTZ-induced chemical kindling in rats. Tahmasebi S, Bonab SF, Ghafouri-Fard S, et al. Bifidobacterium animalisBifidobacterium longum PubMed ↗
Animal study Epilepsia · 2023 Intermittent vs continuous ketogenic diet: Impact on seizures, gut microbiota, and mitochondrial metabolism. Shearer J, Scantlebury MH, Rho JM, et al. Streptococcus thermophilus PubMed ↗
Animal study International journal of molecular sciences · 2023 Beneficial Effects of Probiotic Bifidobacterium longum in a Lithium-Pilocarpine Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy in Rats. Zubareva OE, Dyomina AV, Kovalenko AA, et al. Bifidobacterium longum PubMed ↗
Animal study BMC veterinary research · 2023 A six-month prospective, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover, dietary trial design to investigate the potential of psychobiotics on seizure semiology and comorbidities in canine epilepsy: study protocol. Schmidt T, Meller S, Meyerhoff N, et al. Bifidobacterium longum PubMed ↗