Plate · Actinomycetota
genus · NCBI 1716

Corynebacterium

Formerly Turicella.

Species60
Products0 across its species
Samples4,552
Also known as Turicella
The genus

Species in this genus

SpeciesHealthy guts ↓ 0–100%Products
Corynebacterium durum0
Corynebacterium argentoratense0
Corynebacterium aurimucosum0
Corynebacterium variabile0
Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum0
Corynebacterium amycolatum0
Corynebacterium genitalium0
Corynebacterium propinquum0
Corynebacterium accolens0
Corynebacterium kefirresidentii0
Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum0
Corynebacterium atypicum0
Corynebacterium coyleae0
Corynebacterium simulans0
Corynebacterium afermentans0
Corynebacterium parakroppenstedtii0
Corynebacterium pseudogenitalium0
Corynebacterium tuscaniense0
Corynebacterium imitans0
Corynebacterium jeikeium0
Corynebacterium pseudokroppenstedtii0
Corynebacterium pyruviciproducens0
Corynebacterium matruchotii0
Corynebacterium callunae0
Corynebacterium glutamicum0
Corynebacterium vitaeruminis0
Corynebacterium yonathiae0
Corynebacterium casei0
Corynebacterium flavescens0
Corynebacterium frankenforstense0
Corynebacterium massiliense0
Corynebacterium mycetoides0
Corynebacterium nuruki0
Corynebacterium phoceense0
Corynebacterium striatum0
Corynebacterium testudinoris0
Corynebacterium ammoniagenes0
Corynebacterium bovis0
Corynebacterium dentalis0
Corynebacterium falsenii0
Corynebacterium glyciniphilum0
Corynebacterium macginleyi0
Corynebacterium neomassiliense0
Corynebacterium oculi0
Corynebacterium otitidis0
Corynebacterium sputi0
Corynebacterium suicordis0
Corynebacterium diphtheriae0
Corynebacterium freneyi0
Corynebacterium glaucum0
Corynebacterium glucuronolyticum0
Corynebacterium jeddahense0
Corynebacterium lujinxingii0
Corynebacterium minutissimum0
Corynebacterium mucifaciens0
Corynebacterium riegelii0
Corynebacterium stationis0
Corynebacterium uberis0
Corynebacterium urealyticum0
Corynebacterium xerosis0
Across the genus 0

* Counted in the same healthy people as the species (whole-genome samples). All bars use the same 0–100% scale. A product with two Corynebacterium species counts once in the genus total.

What they are

Its species' DNA

A C G T ? Not read clearly in the reference sequence
Genome sizes · 60 Corynebacterium species
Shortest we have Mycoplasmoides genitalium 0.6M
⋮ 300 shorter than any Corynebacterium
⋮ 923 longer than any Corynebacterium
Longest we have Bradyrhizobium altum 9.8M

Corynebacterium genomes run from 2.0M to 3.6M: small for gut microbes.

One reference genome per species; strains vary.

Their ID genes, lined up: shared stretches form solid stripes

16S gene, V4 region, from one reference sequence per species, aligned so the same positions line up. A blank is a gap: letters other species have and this one lacks. Switch to “Only where they differ” to fade the letters they share. Grey letters weren’t read clearly; they never count as a difference.

From its species' genomes and lab tests

What its species can do

A species counts when most of its strains can. Not measured in anyone's gut. 10 of its 60 species aren't in either source yet.

  • Can ferment fiber 4 of 49 species C. glutamicum, C. mycetoides, C. ammoniagenes, C. xerosis
  • Can make lactic acid 3 of 20 species C. aurimucosum, C. propinquum, C. striatum
  • Can make propionate 2 of 20 species C. durum, C. amycolatum
  • Can use lactose 2 of 49 species C. frankenforstense, C. phoceense
  • Can make butyrate 0 of 20 species None of its species
  • Can eat inulin 0 of 43 species None of its species
  • Can eat resistant starch 0 of 20 species None of its species
  • Can eat pectin 0 of 21 species None of its species
  • Can feed on gut mucus 0 of 20 species None of its species
  • Can change bile acids 0 of 20 species None of its species
  • Can make B vitamins 0 of 20 species None of its species
  • Can make hydrogen sulfide 0 of 20 species None of its species
  • Can make methane 0 of 20 species None of its species
What’s typical · a description, not a comparison

In healthy guts

Everyone · 12,213 people · 129 studies
How common

Found in 5.3% of healthy people.

How big a slice of the gut
  1. largest Bacteroides 9.8%
  2. 2nd largest Phocaeicola 9.1%
  3. 3rd largest Segatella 6.4%
  4. 4th largest Bifidobacterium 6.2%
  5. 5th largest Faecalibacterium 5.4%
  6. 6th largest Alistipes 5.2%
  7. 7th largest Blautia 3.6%
  8. 8th largest Ruminococcus 3.0%
  9. Corynebacterium under 0.01%
  10. 649 other microbes, each a sliver 32.3%
  11. 18.9%

On average, a sliver, under 0.01% of the microbes in a healthy gut.

By age and sex

Every group, drawn the same way. Only some samples record age or sex, so each group says how many people it comes from. Tap one to see it above.

By age
367 people · 14% carry it under 0.01% of the microbes
198 people · 5 studies 4.0% carry it under 0.01% of the microbes
57 people · 0% carry it 0.00% of the microbes
1,283 people · 27 studies 3.9% carry it under 0.01% of the microbes
142 people · 15 studies 6.3% carry it under 0.01% of the microbes
By sex
2,063 people · 1.2% carry it under 0.01% of the microbes
1,530 people · 29 studies 2.0% carry it under 0.01% of the microbes

Where these numbers come from

Who
12,213 healthy people from 129 studies in GMrepo, by its own “Health” label. Whole-genome sequencing only; one sample is one person.
How common
The share of them whose sample has any of it.
Slice
Its average share of the microbes in a healthy gut, across everyone, carriers or not. The slices add up to 81.1%: the rest is reads GMrepo couldn’t place at this rank, shown as “Not identified to a genus”.
Age and sex
From the samples that record them (about 17% record an age and 29% a sex). A group with fewer than 50 people isn’t shown.
Ranks
A slice’s rank is a place among the 658 genera we have numbers for, within the group shown: exact in the top 10, then rounded bands.
Analysis
Ours, of GMrepo’s per-sample data. GMrepo on Data sources
The 129 studies behind these numbers

Largest first by people. Each is a GMrepo project.

StudyPeopleWith ageWith sex
A study in the United States PRJNA695570 ↗ 1,767 0 1,759
A study in Japan PRJNA1077400 ↗ 1,268 0 0
A study in Spain PRJEB61680 ↗ 839 0 0
Zhong et al. 2019 · the Netherlands PRJEB26795 ↗ 572 0 0
A study in the Netherlands PRJNA942468 ↗ 517 0 0
Shang et al. 2021 · Australia PRJNA492716 ↗ 370 0 84
A study in the United States PRJNA398089 ↗ 363 237 363
A study in the United States PRJNA795985 ↗ 290 0 0
Zhang et al. 2022 · China PRJNA801051 ↗ 239 0 0
A study in Ireland PRJEB46398 ↗ 237 0 0
Valles-Colomer et al. 2023 · Italy PRJEB63351 ↗ 225 0 0
A study in the United States PRJNA633576 ↗ 225 223 0
Lee et al. 2024 · the United Kingdom PRJEB52380 ↗ 177 0 0
A study in the United States PRJEB37924 ↗ 164 0 0
A study in China PRJNA542578 ↗ 151 0 0
A study in the United States PRJNA993675 ↗ 142 142 142
Lee et al. 2022 · South Korea PRJEB45443 ↗ 112 0 0
A study in China PRJEB65297 ↗ 111 0 0
A study in India PRJNA397112 ↗ 110 110 0
A study in Japan PRJDB13214 ↗ 105 0 0
A study in China PRJNA686835 ↗ 104 0 0
A study in China PRJNA763023 ↗ 100 0 0
A study in China PRJNA994318 ↗ 100 0 0
A study in the United States PRJEB28543 ↗ 96 96 96
A study in Italy PRJNA716780 ↗ 94 94 94
A study in China PRJNA509999 ↗ 93 0 0
A study in the United States PRJNA878603 ↗ 92 92 92
Guo et al. 2023 · the United States PRJNA751448 ↗ 91 91 91
A study in China PRJNA793776 ↗ 89 89 89
A study in China PRJNA888860 ↗ 88 0 0
A study in Ireland PRJEB15388 ↗ 85 0 0
A study in China PRJNA731589 ↗ 85 85 0
A study in Israel PRJNA994433 ↗ 80 80 0
A study in Canada PRJNA521587 ↗ 79 78 79
La Reau et al. 2023 · the United States PRJNA917645 ↗ 76 0 0
Pomyen et al. 2023 · Thailand PRJNA932948 ↗ 76 0 76
A study in the United States PRJEB53403 ↗ 75 45 45
Eriksen et al. 2023 · Sweden PRJNA633381 ↗ 74 0 0
A study in China PRJNA356102 ↗ 72 0 0
A study in China PRJNA689961 ↗ 70 0 0
A study in China PRJNA449784 ↗ 69 0 0
Duru et al. 2024 · Finland PRJEB59350 ↗ 66 0 0
Roth-Schulze et al. 2021 · Australia PRJNA604850 ↗ 66 66 48
Wan et al. 2024 · China PRJNA1037036 ↗ 64 64 64
A study in China PRJNA686821 ↗ 64 0 0
Fulcher et al. 2022 · the United States PRJNA836336 ↗ 64 0 0
Hu et al. 2023 · China PRJNA893406 ↗ 64 0 0
A study in Italy PRJNA553191 ↗ 62 0 0
Wilson et al. 2024 · the United States PRJEB59709 ↗ 59 0 0
A study in the United States PRJNA822660 ↗ 58 58 58
A study in the United States PRJNA314903 ↗ 50 0 0
A study in the United States PRJNA379741 ↗ 50 0 50
A study in China PRJNA674716 ↗ 50 0 0
A study in China PRJNA762484 ↗ 49 20 21
Yan et al. 2023 · China PRJNA808806 ↗ 48 0 0
Stockdale et al. 2022 · Ireland PRJNA813736 ↗ 48 40 41
Tao et al. 2025 · China PRJNA1135717 ↗ 47 0 0
A study in the United States PRJNA660443 ↗ 44 0 0
A study in China PRJNA946183 ↗ 44 0 0
A study in China PRJNA530971 ↗ 43 0 0
Ye et al. 2023 · China PRJNA853814 ↗ 42 42 0
A study in China PRJNA943232 ↗ 42 42 42
A study in the United Kingdom PRJEB17978 ↗ 41 0 0
A study in China PRJNA588035 ↗ 39 0 0
A study in China PRJNA349463 ↗ 33 0 0
A study in India PRJNA531203 ↗ 31 0 0
A study in Switzerland PRJEB24557 ↗ 30 0 0
A study in India PRJNA792685 ↗ 30 0 0
A study in China PRJNA808649 ↗ 30 30 30
Pötgens et al. 2024 · Belgium PRJNA813705 ↗ 30 0 0
Grion et al. 2024 · Spain PRJNA961076 ↗ 30 0 0
A study in Canada PRJEB21933 ↗ 29 0 0
A study PRJEB32767 ↗ 29 0 0
A study in the United States PRJEB53401 ↗ 29 29 29
A study in Poland PRJNA1125836 ↗ 28 28 28
Chen et al. 2023 · China PRJEB55711 ↗ 27 0 0
A study in the United States PRJNA629755 ↗ 27 0 0
A study in China PRJNA818062 ↗ 27 0 0
Wang et al. 2023 · China PRJNA905444 ↗ 27 0 0
A study in Spain PRJEB62571 ↗ 26 0 0
A study in China PRJNA769284 ↗ 26 0 0
Lv et al. 2024 · China PRJEB52189 ↗ 25 0 0
Xiao et al. 2024 · China PRJNA938297 ↗ 25 25 25
A study in Germany PRJEB76677 ↗ 24 0 0
Elie et al. 2023 · France PRJNA648321 ↗ 24 0 0
A study in Mali PRJNA936589 ↗ 24 0 0
A study in the United States PRJNA1044118 ↗ 23 0 0
A study in Turkey PRJNA1167935 ↗ 23 0 0
A study in Russia PRJNA762199 ↗ 23 23 23
Ievina et al. 2024 · Latvia PRJEB80379 ↗ 22 0 0
A study in China PRJNA896336 ↗ 22 0 0
A study in China PRJNA688881 ↗ 21 0 0
Edwinson et al. 2022 · the United States PRJNA705217 ↗ 21 21 21
A study in France PRJEB55534 ↗ 20 0 0
A study in Canada PRJNA1022308 ↗ 20 0 0
A study in China PRJNA1138893 ↗ 20 0 0
Schaefer et al. 2022 · the United States PRJNA800662 ↗ 20 0 0
Ding et al. 2023 · China PRJNA999028 ↗ 20 0 0
A study in the United States PRJEB42155 ↗ 18 0 0
A study in Japan PRJNA665854 ↗ 18 0 0
A study in Canada PRJNA742740 ↗ 17 0 0
Stockdale et al. 2022 · the United States PRJNA626004 ↗ 16 0 0
A study in China PRJNA858062 ↗ 16 16 16
A study in China PRJNA429990 ↗ 15 0 0
Wan et al. 2019 · China PRJNA532538 ↗ 15 0 0
A study in China PRJNA624223 ↗ 15 15 15
A study in the United States PRJNA634145 ↗ 15 15 15
A study in China PRJNA734379 ↗ 15 0 15
Sadeghi et al. 2024 · France PRJEB70916 ↗ 14 14 14
A study in Singapore PRJNA272371 ↗ 14 14 14
A study in India PRJNA983946 ↗ 14 14 14
A study in Sweden PRJEB38997 ↗ 13 0 0
Seishima et al. 2019 · Japan PRJNA511372 ↗ 13 0 0
A study in China PRJEB54728 ↗ 12 0 0
A study in Switzerland PRJEB13835 ↗ 11 0 0
A study in Japan PRJNA846495 ↗ 11 0 0
Joensen et al. 2017 · Denmark PRJEB14038 ↗ 10 0 0
A study in the United Kingdom PRJEB53891 ↗ 10 0 0
A study in Iran PRJNA1050885 ↗ 10 0 0
A study in China PRJNA730640 ↗ 10 0 0
A study in Israel PRJNA939026 ↗ 10 9 0
Ye et al. 2023 · China PRJNA993632 ↗ 10 0 0
A study in China PRJNA1024678 ↗ 9 0 0
Wang et al. 2024 · Switzerland PRJNA363003 ↗ 9 0 0
A study in the United States PRJNA613834 ↗ 9 0 0
A study in the United States PRJNA896226 ↗ 8 0 0
A study in Spain PRJNA1029046 ↗ 7 0 0
A study in China PRJNA492189 ↗ 5 0 0
A study in France PRJNA287878 ↗ 2 0 0
Compared within studies that had both

In conditions

Compared with healthy people in the same studies, it’s less common in none and more common in 2 conditions. Only studies that had both are counted.

A difference is an association: it doesn’t mean this microbe causes, prevents or treats any of these.

Strongest first, then the biggest gap · Each figure is 10 people
  1. Liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) 44 people · 2 studies More common in people with it Healthy 3.0% With it 21%
  2. Kidney cancer (renal cell carcinoma) 51 people · 1 study More common in people with it Healthy 2.5% With it 33%

Where these numbers come from

Studies
Only GMrepo projects that had people with the condition and healthy people, 10 or more of each. Numbers come from those studies, never from pooling.
How common
The share of people whose sample has any of it, in the people with the condition and in the healthy people of those same studies. Tested within studies (Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel, corrected for testing many microbes); a difference counts when it is clear and meaningful (Cohen’s h of 0.2 or more).
Strength word
Counted by code from how many studies point the same way: Seen again and again (3 or more, none clearly the other way), Seen more than once (2, the majority), Seen once (1, listed last). Where studies disagree, a row isn’t listed.
Each study
Tap a row for every study’s own numbers, and for how much carriers have.
Analysis
Our analysis of GMrepo data. GMrepo on Data sources · Read the rules
PubMed · human studies and reviews first

Recent research

No recent human studies or reviews yet. Probiome follows PubMed for the few hundred most-studied microbes; rarer species often only show up in large surveys. Search PubMed for this genus ↗