Eubacterium ramulus
What's this?
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Its ID gene: the stretch scientists read to tell microbes apart. Each bar is one letter of its DNA. Every species has its own order of letters, so the pattern works like a fingerprint. Close relatives share most of it.
16S rRNA gene, V4 region: the 253 letters between the standard primers (515F/806R), which are the same in every species. One reference sequence; strains can differ by a letter or two. 8 letters weren’t read clearly in it, so they’re grey, not guessed. NCBI NR_118674.1
Mid-sized for a gut microbe: longer than 56% of the 2,354 we have genomes for.
43% G+C, higher than 38% of gut microbes.
To scale: if its ID gene were 1 cm long, its genome would stretch 23 meters. Yours would stretch 21 kilometers. One reference genome; strains vary. NCBI GCF_045002895.1
What it can do
- Can make butyrate A short-chain fatty acid that feeds the cells lining the colon.
- Can make lactic acid What yogurt bacteria make; other microbes turn it into butyrate.
- Mixed evidence Can ferment fiber Breaks down dietary fiber that our own enzymes can't. Published research reports it; genome analysis found it in none of 2 genomes.
- Mixed evidence Can use lactose The sugar in milk and dairy. Published research reports it; genome analysis found it in none of 2 genomes.
Not seen in its genomes or published research: make propionate, eat inulin, eat resistant starch, eat pectin, feed on gut mucus, change bile acids, make B vitamins, make hydrogen sulfide, make methane.
All 13 capabilities and their evidence
| Capability | Verdict | Genome analysis | Lab tests | Published research |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Can make butyrate | Can | 2 of 2 genomes | — | Papers say yes |
| Can make propionate | Not seen | 0 of 2 genomes | — | No papers |
| Can make lactic acid | Can | 2 of 2 genomes | — | Papers say yes |
| Can ferment fiber | Mixed evidence | 0 of 2 genomes | — | Papers say yes |
| Can eat inulin | Not seen | 0 of 2 genomes | — | Papers say no |
| Can eat resistant starch | Not seen | 0 of 2 genomes | — | No papers |
| Can eat pectin | Not seen | 0 of 2 genomes | — | No papers |
| Can use lactose | Mixed evidence | 0 of 2 genomes | — | Papers say yes |
| Can feed on gut mucus | Not seen | 0 of 2 genomes | — | No papers |
| Can change bile acids | Not seen | 0 of 2 genomes | — | No papers |
| Can make B vitamins | Not seen | 0 of 2 genomes | — | No papers |
| Can make hydrogen sulfide | Not seen | 0 of 2 genomes | — | No papers |
| Can make methane | Not seen | 0 of 2 genomes | — | No papers |
AGORA2 (Heinken et al. 2023) via VMH, CC BY 4.0 · BacDive (DSMZ), CC BY 4.0 · NJC19 (Lim et al., Scientific Data 2020), CC0
In healthy guts
Found in 51% of healthy people.
- largest Segatella copri 6.2%
- 2nd largest Phocaeicola vulgatus 5.0%
- 3rd largest Faecalibacterium prausnitzii 4.7%
- 4th largest Bacteroides uniformis 3.2%
- 5th largest Agathobacter rectalis 2.5%
- 6th largest Alistipes putredinis 2.3%
- 7th largest Bifidobacterium longum 2.1%
- 8th largest Ruminococcus bromii 1.8%
- top 10% Eubacterium ramulus 0.10%
- 2,169 other microbes, each a sliver 56.6%
- 15.6%
On average, 0.10% of the microbes in a healthy gut: larger than 90% of species’ slices.
Every group, drawn the same way. Only some samples record age or sex, so each group says how many people it comes from. Tap one to see it above.
In conditions
Compared with healthy people in the same studies, it’s less common in 9 conditions and more common in none. Only studies that had both are counted.
A difference is an association: it doesn’t mean this microbe causes, prevents or treats any of these.
Strongest first, then the biggest gap · Each figure is 10 peopleIn studies of how people live
Higher in vegans than omnivores
Fackelmann 2025 · 21,561 people Landmark study
Higher in 5 of 5 cohorts
“Higher” is the study’s measure: on average, a bigger share of gut bacteria across everyone in the group, carriers or not. It isn’t how many people carry it. An association the authors report, measured once per person. It doesn’t mean a diet changes this microbe, or that the microbe affects health.
Recent research
Source: PubMed, U.S. National Library of Medicine · 19 linked papers, last 10 years