No field note yet

Smoking

People who smoke now or used to, compared with people who never smoked.

1 study · newest 2025
New: Fan 2025, 3,308 people

What's here so far

No field note has been written for smoking yet, so this page doesn't describe what studies found. It lists the study with results for smoking microbe by microbe, which a field note will draw on.

Who's been studied

WhereChina

How many1 study · 3,308 people

HowEach person measured once

The studies

● measured once■ followed the same people▲ a trialsize = people

Potential roles of cigarette smoking on gut microbiota profile among Chinese men BMC Medicine · 2025 · Fan 2025 · PubMed ↗ 3,308 people · 4 cohorts · China
Each person measured once · 16S and shotgun sequencing
Cited in our own words · CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 Competing interests None declared.