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Formula

Babies not fed breast milk, compared with babies who are.

2 studies · newest 2019
New: Shao 2019, 596 people

What's here so far

No field note has been written for formula yet, so this page doesn't describe what studies found. It lists the 2 studies with results for formula microbe by microbe, which a field note will draw on.

Who's been studied

WhereFinland · Germany · Sweden · UK · US

How many2 studies · 1,499 people

HowFollowed the same people over time

The studies

● measured once■ followed the same people▲ a trialsize = people

Stunted microbiota and opportunistic pathogen colonization in caesarean-section birth Nature · 2019 · Shao 2019 · PubMed ↗ 596 people · Newborn babies, UK (Baby Biome Study) · UK
Followed the same people · Shotgun sequencing
Cited in our own words · Author manuscript under the publisher's terms Competing interests None declared.

Temporal development of the gut microbiome in early childhood from the TEDDY study Nature · 2018 · Stewart 2018 · PubMed ↗ 903 people · Young children, US and Europe (TEDDY) · Finland, Germany, Sweden, US
Followed the same people · 16S and shotgun sequencing
Per-microbe tables open · CC BY 4.0 Competing interests None declared.